modoc plateau geology

The Ventura Avenue field, north of Ventura is one of the largest fields in California, producing since 1903. These soils are also basin soils and formed from alluvium derived from extrusive igneous rock. A snow pack develops at higher elevations. Lava lakes. Up to 10,000 feet of sandstone and red shale deposited during the Eocene, after which sea levels dropped in the Oligocene preserved the sand, gravel and silt of the Sespe Formation. The Great Valley Sequence is a 40,000 foot thick formation at the western edge of the Central Valley that formed between the Jurassic and Cretaceous, overlying the Franciscan Assemblage and granite rocks associated with the Sierra Nevada to the east. Also includes minor rhyolite and dacite flows and domes. Read more Print length 384 pages Water erosion hazard for bare soil is low to moderate, while the wind erosion hazard is low (refer to TableVI-1). the structural geology and tectonics of mid-ocean ridges and Icelandin 2011. The Central Valley includes the southern San Joaquin Valley and the northern Sacramento Valley. Source: US geologic names lexicon (USGS Bull. Active subduction began in the Triassic during the Mesozoic, producing large granite intrusions and the beginning of the Nevadan Orogeny as well as more dryland conditions and the retreat of the ocean to the west. California's Geomorphic Regions Modoc Plateau Location: located east of Cascade Range and adjacent to the Basin & Range Region The Modoc Plateau is the California part of the greater Colombian Volcanic Plateau that extends into Oregon, Washington & Canada Mountains California's Geomorphic Regions: Thick sequences of marine rocks from the Late Cretaceous through the Paleocene and Eocene are common in the mountains and on San Miguel Island. The soils are not considered Prime Farmland and have a Capability Class rating of IV (NRCS, 2000). Glacial till and moraines. The Franciscan subduction complex makes up the basement rock for part of the range, with a mlange dominated by graywacke first deposited in offshore deep ocean basins. They have a Capability Class rating of II and are classified as Prime Farmland when properly drained and irrigated (NRCS, 2000). Characteristics of basaltic magma. The plateau is capped with scattered small, young cinder cones and basalt flows. flow of the Modoc Plateau exposed in a road cut about 4 miles northeast of Alturas on Highway 395. According to the Soil Survey for the Intermountain Area of California, ten soil mapping units have been delineated within the vicinity of the McArthur Swamp Property (see TableVI-1). In the late 20th century, enough gold was found in association with the mercury, arsenic, tungsten and thallium to open the McLaughlin mine in the Mayacmas Mountains around Knoxville. There is a dramatic moisture gradient across the ecoregion as the precipitation diminishes from the cold, wet Cascade crest (up to 120 inches of precipitation per year) to the warm, dry eastern border with the Columbia Plateau and Great Basin (less than 20 inches per year). The volcano is constructed mainly ofmaficlavas, although drillhole data indicate that a larger volume ofrhyoliteis present than is indicated by surface mapping. However, a bulge in the bay's sand spit records offshore presence of the Newport submarine canyon. Is usually overlain by a few feet of reddish Pleistocene gravel and rests on Chico formation. During the Miocene, the Coast Ranges were flooded again, with underwater volcanic eruptions in the southern part of the range and deposition of fossil-rich shales like the Monterey formation. The Golden State includes both the highest and lowest point in the continental US and practically every conceivable geological feature known. Flow in and out of the estuary has been controlled with a man-made structure since heavy silting in 1915. The oldest rock in this part of the range is the Santa Monica Slate. The soils are moderately to strongly alkaline. Fossil plants and vertebrates indicate an Oligocene and Miocene age. Pahoehoe vs. aa lavas. Funding was provided to WDFW through a state wildlife grant from the United Groundwater quality in the 39,000-square-kilometer Cascade Range and Modoc Plateau (CAMP) study unit was investigated by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) from July through October 2010, as part of the California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program's Priority Basin Project (PBP). In fact, the East Cascades support an unusually high aquatic biodiversity among ecoregions in the U.S., including a large number of endemic freshwater snails and fish. Location & Geology. Additionally, each of the properties lie within or adjacent to an Alquist-Priolo Fault-Rupture Study Zone. Even moderate shaking . The California Coast Ranges extend from the Oregon line southward 600 miles to the Santa Ynez River. The Warner Basalt is the most common rock in the plateau, bordered by the Surprise Valley fault zone that first became active in the Miocene 15 million years ago. It formed as a sandspit filled in to the north from sediment deposited by the Tijuana River and sheltered from wind and waves by the Cretaceous uplands of Point Loma. Oil is also abundant in the San Joaquin Valley, but almost non-existent in the Sacramento Valley. Below the bays, is the Merced Formation, with 45000 feet of marine rocks overlain by 500 feet of terrestrial sedimentary rocks and capped with more modern sediments from the Sacramento River. Additionally, the banks of the levees could experience localized landslides and slumps. The Santa Monica Mountains and the Channel Islands are different than the mountains to the north because they have granitic and metamorphic basement rocks more like the Sierra Nevada. Hill*s work, however, is of little value in understanding the areal . The low shield shape, central caldera, and dominance ofmaficlavas are similar to Newberry Volcano of central Oregon, also located in anextensionaltectonicenvironment east of the Cascade arc axis. Polygons from the 1978 State map unit Qp were added where no playa was shown on the county maps. [4] and Modoc Cypress (Cupressus bakeri).[5]. Oil drilling in the Wilmington field cause up to 30 feet of subsidence at the eastern end of Terminal Island between 1937 and 1958. Course Description: Application of the principles of geology to interpret rock sequences and evaluate the potential for volcanic activity in the Cascades Range and Modoc Plateau region of Northern California. At least 300 lava tubes are known in Lava Beds National Monument, some of which preserve ice year round. The Modoc Plateau is a mile-high expansive prehistoric lava flow, with areas of sparse vegetation, rough broken lava rock, juniper trees, and sagebrush flats in a semi-arid region covering about a half-million acres. These are Jurassic and Cretaceous age greywacke, chert, basalt, ultrabasic rocks and serpentinite from modified oceanic crust. Hot springs including San Jacinto, Eden, Saboba and Gilman are active in the San Jacinto Mountains due to the presence of the San Jacinto fault zone and Elsinore was founded on its hot springs. Rockhounding. In Washington, much of the ecoregion is within the ceded lands and usual and accustomed fishing areas of tribes. Drew earned a PhD. Before a development permit is granted for a site within a seismic hazard zone, a geotechnical investigation of the site has to be conducted and appropriate mitigation measures incorporated into the project design. . Many of these schists, like the Condrey Mountain schist are more resistant to erosion than other rocks close by. They have a Capability Class rating of IV and are not considered to be Prime Farmland (NRCS, 2000). Creating your LandScope profile is fast, free, and simple. The ditch was originally channeled out to increase flows to the Tule River for the Pit River Hydroelectric Project. Links to Completed Ecoregional Assessments. Rhyolite volcanic ash buried other streams during the Oligocene forming tuff that early miners need to dig through to get at placer gold, and many old buildings in the region are made of blocks of tuff. Its landform is volcanic table land ranging from 4,000 to 6,000 feet above sea level, cut by many northsouth faults. Geologists group the plutons of the Peninsular Ranges as the Southern California batholith, which includes several large individual plutons like the San Marcos Gabbro, Woodson Mountain Granodiorite or Bonsall Tonalite. Holocene faults such as the, McArthur, Mayfield, Pittville, Hat Creek, and Rocky Ledge faults are located within a 20-mile radius of the site. Henhill Silt Loams are classified as neutral to slightly alkaline and have moderate shrink-swell potential. They are shallow, well drained cobbly loams of moderate permeability and are neutral to mildly acidic. Nearly 1,000,000 acres (400,000 ha) of the Modoc National Forest are on the plateau between the Medicine Lake Highlands in the west and the Warner Mountains in the east. The bay system was the second place in the US to be mapped in 1826 by Edward Belcher and Alex Collie, a surveyor and surgeon respectively on the British vessel HMS Blossom. GitHub export from English Wikipedia. Areas in the central portion of the northern half of the property contain the Henhill Silt Loam, partially drained, 0 to 2 percent slopes mapping unit. In 1873, 53 Modoc men held off 650 US troops, killing 70 of them in heavy weather in the lava plateau to the south of Tule Lake. These basins steadily filled with sediment, with one famous example preserved as the Great Valley beds in the Coast Ranges. The Modoc Plateau has a diverse geography, with portions draining into closed basins such as Goose Lake and Surprise Valley, and most of the remainder draining into the Pitt River, a tributary of the Sacramento River. Includes Touchet Beds of Flint (1938), deposits of valley terraces of Newcomb (1965), and, in southeast Oregon, basin-filling deposits that incorporate Mazama ash deposits (Qma, Qmp) in the youngest layers, Sand, gravel, and silt forming flood plains and filling channels of present streams. They have a moderate hazard for water and wind erosion when bare. Initially, hydraulic mining was used to get at placer deposits, but it destroyed the landscape and choked rivers with sediments, ultimately being banned the California government in 1884. In places includes interlayers of silicic volcaniclastic rocks and tuffaceous sedimentary rocks. The plateaus block faulting is believed to be related to Basin and Range faulting in a terrain immersed by volcanic rocks (CDMG, 1966). These soils also occupy smaller areas along Fall River in the southern half of the property. The three interconnected Suisun, San Pablo and San Francisco bays occupy a structural depression dating to the Pliocene which flooded several times due to Pleistocene glaciations. Tertiary pyroclastic and volcanic mudflow deposits. The threat of catastrophic wildfire and competition with barred owls (Strix varia) are concerns for the conservation of the spotted owl, a federally listed species that occurs within the ecoregion. 896, p. 1018-1019). There are no septic tanks or wastewater disposal systems proposed as part of this project, therefore this item is not applicable. The Modoc Plateau is a volcanic table land approximately 4,000 to 6,000 feet above mean sea level. Several Quaternary and Holocene faults are located within a 60-mile radius of the site. These two locations are located approximately 30 miles east of the Park and less than a mile south of the Bowman Ditch and Ahjumawi Property. They are associated with the Whipp-Cupvar Complex, slightly saline, 0 to 2percent slopes mapping unit which occupies a flanking position to the south. In the 1960's, NASA astronauts trained for future moon landings in the pumice fields of the highlands. Many of the ash--flow tuffs exhibit flow features and only obscure vitro-clastic textures. In the northern end of the county are notable Goose Lake, Tule Lake, and the three lakes of Surprise Valley. Large boulders have often eroded out of moraine deposits, coming to rest a few miles away. California has some of the most distinctive and unique geology in the United States. ;] On the McArthur Swamp property, grading activities involved with the construction and development of wetland habitat at the Hollenbeak and Ash fields would have the potential to cause accelerated erosion, unless proper erosion control measures are implemented. Lava Beds National Monument contains the best examples of these, although numerous locations boast similar features, such as the Ahjumawi Lava Springs. It represents an ancient forearc basin that took shape as oceanic crust subducted under the west edge of the continent. Following the exchange, Burney Falls and Bowman Ditch will be protected from major construction and other soil disturbing activities by the legal restrictions applicable to State parklands. Deep hydrothermal systems active in marine sedimentary rocks as they were being metamorphosed emplaced the gold. Mountain goats inhabit high elevations in the central and northern part of the ecoregion in Washington, but are largely absent from the southern portion of their range, and absent from Oregon. The vast tableland between the Cascades and the Warners is referred to as the Modoc Plateau. Pillow structures from rapid cooling water indicate underwater volcanism that produced basalt, andesite and diabase flows during the Miocene. The Gold has been recovered along the eastern margin of the Great Valley, where it was derived from the Sierra Nevada. The subsurface is well known from oil wells and oil fields are bounded in the east by the Kern Front fault. Very hot and fluid, but low in volatile content. This is considered a less-than-significant impact. Proposal Type: Mandatory Revision Course is being updated for periodic review. Requires ability to work and study under rigorous conditions. Construction workers needed to build dikes to protect a power plant and jack up bridges. North of the San Joaquin River, the mountains have a tilted-block pattern caused the Sierra Nevada fault, which is interpreted as being similar to the more common Basin and Range terrain to the east. Activities planned for the McArthur Swamp after the ownership transfer would not differ substantially from historic activities undertaken in the area since site reclamation earlier in the century. [J Curtis Kramer; Geological Society of Sacramento. The rocks likely formed much further away from the Sierras and were relocated by the dramatic movements of faults. These rocks were likely moved to their current location by the two major faults. Depth to oil is very shallow in the Santa Barbara Channel fields, at only 300 feet below the sea floor. Official websites use .gov It is the only coastal mountain range in the USand potentially North Americawith rocks older than the Phanerozoic. Unique geology in the region formed bastnaesite mined at the Mountain Pass rare earth mine. Age, mostly Oligocene; may include some rocks of early Miocene age. Therefore, the transfer would not expose people or structures to potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death. These soils formed on stream terraces from alluvium derived from extrusive igneous rocks. Based on faulting in recent alluvial material, the Surprise Valley fault zone is still active. The soils are very deep, well drained soils with moderately slow permeability and have a moderate shrink-swell potential (see Table VI-1). As with the Bowman Ditch, the Ahjumawi Property is located in a seismically active region with numerous, previously referenced faults and volcanoes situated in the immediate vicinity. Throughout the Jurassic the Nevadan Orogeny accelerated with large-scale granitic intrusions and erosion into deep marine basins. Geologists have struggled to define its structural geology with complex sequences of deep ocean crust, upper mantle rock and tectonic melanges. Golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) inhabit a small portion of their historical ranges and are limited in distribution while the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) is making a comeback. Historically, fires occurred at irregular intervals from under 10 years in the lowland foothills to 150 years or more at high elevations. This unit corresponds with unit Tb on the 1978 State map. Columbia River / Modoc Plateau basalt. Drillhole data indicate that the plateau surface underlying the volcano has been downwarped by 0.5 kilometer under its center.

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